Interactive models

Put the science in your hands

The simple version: play with these models to see how the sun reaches your skin and how protection helps.

Educational models that turn the research into something you can explore. Each is illustrative — not a clinical measurement.

UV in your skin

Watch how different UV wavelengths travel through a cross-section of skin.

Wavelength
UVA + UVB
Photons reaching dermis
0
DNA-damage events
0
Penetration
deep dermis

UVA penetrates deep (photoaging); UVB is absorbed in the epidermis (sunburn + DNA damage).

Educational model — illustrative, not a clinical measurement

Sunscreen calculator

How SPF and how thickly you apply it change real-world protection.

30
0.50× of 2 mg/cm²

Recommended is 2 mg/cm² — most people apply far less.

Label % UV blocked
96.7%
Effective SPF
~5
Label SPF — applied correctly96.7% blocked
Effective at 0.50× thickness81.7% blocked · eff. SPF ~5

SPF 15 ≈ 93% · SPF 30 ≈ 97% · SPF 50 ≈ 98%. But protection scales with thickness: under-applying SPF 30 to half its recommended amount collapses it to an effective SPF of roughly 5.

Educational model — illustrative, not a clinical measurement

Stack your protection

Combining behaviors multiplies their effect. Toggle each on to see the UV dose drop.

Sun protection behaviors
UV dose reaching skin
100%

Sunscreen alone leaves 15% of the dose, while the full combination leaves only 1.0%. This is why guidelines stress that sunscreen alone is not enough — shade and clothing do the heaviest lifting.

Educational model — illustrative, not a clinical measurement